American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

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* These authors contributed equally to this work.

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant 82200007.

Author Contributions: L.X. and H.L. completed all the interventional bronchoscopic treatments. Y.G. performed pathological staining. H.C. collected data. B.S. and Z.T. made a significant contribution to treatment in the ICU. R.G. and L.X. wrote the manuscript. H.Y. supported this study. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

A data supplement for this article is available via the Supplements tab at the top of the online article.

Artificial Intelligence Disclaimer: No artificial intelligence tools were used in writing this manuscript.

Originally Published in Press as DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202304-0714IM on February 18, 2025

Author disclosures are available with the text of this article at www.atsjournals.org.

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American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
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