Building and testing Java with Maven

참고 항목

GitHub 호스트 실행기는 현재 GitHub Enterprise Server에서 지원되지 않습니다. GitHub public roadmap에 예정된 향후 지원에 대해 자세히 알아볼 수 있습니다.

Introduction

This guide shows you how to create a workflow that performs continuous integration (CI) for your Java project using the Maven software project management tool. The workflow you create will allow you to see when commits to a pull request cause build or test failures against your default branch; this approach can help ensure that your code is always healthy. You can extend your CI workflow to cache files and upload artifacts from a workflow run.

GitHub-hosted runners have a tools cache with pre-installed software, which includes Java Development Kits (JDKs) and Maven. For a list of software and the pre-installed versions for JDK and Maven, see Using GitHub-hosted runners.

Prerequisites

You should be familiar with YAML and the syntax for GitHub Actions. For more information, see:

We recommend that you have a basic understanding of Java and the Maven framework. For more information, see the Maven Getting Started Guide in the Maven documentation.

GitHub Enterprise Server에서 자체 호스팅 실행기 사용

실행기를 자체 호스팅하는 GitHub Enterprise Server에서 actions/setup-LANGUAGE 같은 설정 작업을 사용할 경우 인터넷에 액세스할 수 없는 실행기에서 도구 캐시를 설정해야 할 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 인터넷에 액세스할 수 없는 자체 호스팅 실행기에서 도구 캐시 설정을(를) 참조하세요.

Using a Maven workflow template

빠르게 시작하려면 워크플로 템플릿을 리포지토리의 .github/workflows 디렉터리에 추가합니다.

GitHub provides a workflow template for Maven that should work for most Java with Maven projects. The subsequent sections of this guide give examples of how you can customize this workflow template.

GitHub에서 리포지토리의 기본 페이지로 이동합니다.
리포지토리 이름 아래에서 작업을 클릭합니다.
리포지토리에 워크플로가 이미 있는 경우 새 워크플로를 클릭합니다.
The "Choose a workflow" page shows a selection of recommended workflow templates. Search for "Java with Maven".

On the "Java with Maven" workflow, click Configure.

If you don't find the "Java with Maven" workflow template, copy the following workflow code to a new file called maven.yml in the .github/workflows directory of your repository.

YAML

name: Java CI with Maven

on:
  push:
    branches: [ "main" ]
  pull_request:
    branches: [ "main" ]

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
    - name: Set up JDK 17
      uses: actions/setup-java@v4
      with:
        java-version: '17'
        distribution: 'temurin'
        cache: maven
    - name: Build with Maven
      run: mvn -B package --file pom.xml

    # Optional: Uploads the full dependency graph to GitHub to improve the quality of Dependabot alerts this repository can receive
    - name: Update dependency graph
      uses: advanced-security/maven-dependency-submission-action@571e99aab1055c2e71a1e2309b9691de18d6b7d6

name: Java CI with Maven

on:
  push:
    branches: [ "main" ]
  pull_request:
    branches: [ "main" ]

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
    - name: Set up JDK 17
      uses: actions/setup-java@v4
      with:
        java-version: '17'
        distribution: 'temurin'
        cache: maven
    - name: Build with Maven
      run: mvn -B package --file pom.xml

    # Optional: Uploads the full dependency graph to GitHub to improve the quality of Dependabot alerts this repository can receive
    - name: Update dependency graph
      uses: advanced-security/maven-dependency-submission-action@571e99aab1055c2e71a1e2309b9691de18d6b7d6

Edit the workflow as required. For example, change the Java version.
Click Commit changes.

Java 버전 및 아키텍처 지정

워크플로 템플릿은 x64 플랫폼의 경우 OpenJDK 8을 포함하도록 PATH을(를) 설정합니다. 다른 버전의 Java를 사용하거나 다른 아키텍처(x64 또는 x86)를 대상으로 지정하려는 경우 setup-java 작업을 사용하여 다른 Java 런타임 환경을 선택할 수 있습니다.

예를 들어 x64 플랫폼용 Adoptium에서 제공하는 JDK 버전 11을 사용하려면 setup-java 작업을 사용하고 java-version, distribution 및 architecture 매개 변수를 각각 '11', 'temurin' 및 x64로 구성할 수 있습니다.

YAML

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - name: Set up JDK 11 for x64
    uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '11'
      distribution: 'temurin'
      architecture: x64

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - name: Set up JDK 11 for x64
    uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '11'
      distribution: 'temurin'
      architecture: x64

자세한 내용은 setup-java 작업을 참조하세요.

Building and testing your code

You can use the same commands that you use locally to build and test your code.

The workflow template will run the package target by default. In the default Maven configuration, this command will download dependencies, build classes, run tests, and package classes into their distributable format, for example, a JAR file.

If you use different commands to build your project, or you want to use a different target, you can specify those. For example, you may want to run the verify target that's configured in a pom-ci.xml file.

YAML

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'
  - name: Run the Maven verify phase
    run: mvn --batch-mode --update-snapshots verify

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'
  - name: Run the Maven verify phase
    run: mvn --batch-mode --update-snapshots verify

Caching dependencies

You can cache your dependencies to speed up your workflow runs. After a successful run, your local Maven repository will be stored in a cache. In future workflow runs, the cache will be restored so that dependencies don't need to be downloaded from remote Maven repositories. You can cache dependencies simply using the setup-java action or can use cache action for custom and more advanced configuration.

YAML

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - name: Set up JDK 17
    uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'
      cache: maven
  - name: Build with Maven
    run: mvn --batch-mode --update-snapshots verify

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - name: Set up JDK 17
    uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'
      cache: maven
  - name: Build with Maven
    run: mvn --batch-mode --update-snapshots verify

This workflow will save the contents of your local Maven repository, located in the .m2 directory of the runner's home directory. The cache key will be the hashed contents of pom.xml, so changes to pom.xml will invalidate the cache.

Packaging workflow data as artifacts

After your build has succeeded and your tests have passed, you may want to upload the resulting Java packages as a build artifact. This will store the built packages as part of the workflow run, and allow you to download them. Artifacts can help you test and debug pull requests in your local environment before they're merged. For more information, see Storing and sharing data from a workflow.

Maven will usually create output files like JARs, EARs, or WARs in the target directory. To upload those as artifacts, you can copy them into a new directory that contains artifacts to upload. For example, you can create a directory called staging. Then you can upload the contents of that directory using the upload-artifact action.

YAML

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'
  - run: mvn --batch-mode --update-snapshots verify
  - run: mkdir staging && cp target/*.jar staging
  - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
    with:
      name: Package
      path: staging

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'
  - run: mvn --batch-mode --update-snapshots verify
  - run: mkdir staging && cp target/*.jar staging
  - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
    with:
      name: Package
      path: staging

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