CSS Properties Complete Reference

Last Updated : 21 Aug, 2025

CSS properties are the foundation of web design, used to style and control the behaviour of HTML elements. They define how elements look and interact on a webpage.

Used to control layout, colors, fonts, spacing, and animations on web pages.
It is essential for making web pages responsive and accessible across devices.
Help maintain consistency and efficiency in web design and development.

Example: In this example, we will see the use of many properties usage, all the keywords mentioned inside of { and } braces are properties.

HTML

<!--Driver Code Starts-->
<html>
<head>
<!--Driver Code Ends-->

    <style>
        #myDIV {
            width: 400px;
            height: 299px;
            background-color: green;
            background-repeat: no-repeat;
            background-image:
              url("http://media.geeksforgeeks.org/wp-content/uploads/geeksforgeeks-logo.png");
            background-blend-mode: normal;
            background-size: contain;
        }
    </style>

<!--Driver Code Starts-->
</head>
<body>
    <div id="myDIV"></div>
</body>
</html>
<!--Driver Code Ends-->

CSS Properties

The list of complete CSS properties is given below.

Properties	Descriptions
@charset Rule	Specifies the character encoding used in the style sheet.
@keyframes Rule	CSS @keyframes specify the animation rule.
@media Rule	Set of styles for different media/devices using the Media Queries.
align-content	It is used to change the behavior of the flex-wrap property.
align-items	Set the alignment of items inside the flexible container or in the given window.
align-self	Align the selected items in the flexible container.
all	Set all the elements' values to their initial or inherited values.
animation-delay	Specifies the delay for the start of an animation.
animation-direction	It defines the direction of the animation.
animation-duration	It defines how long an animation should take to complete one cycle.
animation-fill-mode	It defines how styles are applied before and after animation.
animation-iteration-count	This specifies the number of times the animation will be repeated.
animation-name	This specifies the name of the @keyframes describing the animation.
animation-play-state	It specifies whether the animation is running or paused.
animation-timing-function	It specifies how animation makes transitions through keyframes.
backface-visibility	Decides whether the back face of an element might be visible or not to the user.
background-attachment	Sets whether a background image scrolls with the rest of the page or it will be fixed.
background-blend-mode	Defines the blending mode of each background layer of the webpage.
background-clip	This property defines how far the background color or image should extend.
background-color	Set the background color of an element.
background-image	Set background images for an element, You can set one or more images as well.
background-origin	Adjusting the background image of the webpage.
background-position	Sets the initial position for the background image.
background-repeat	It is used to repeat the background image horizontally and vertically.
background-size	It set the size of the background image.
border	This is used to style the border of an element.
border-bottom	Set all bottom border properties in one line.
border-bottom-color	Set the color of the bottom border of an element.
border-bottom-left-radius	Define the radius of the bottom left corner of the border.
border-bottom-right-radius	Define the radius of the right bottom corner of the border of a given element.
border-bottom-style	Set the style of the bottom border of an element.
border-bottom-width	Set a specific width to the bottom border of an element.
border-collapse	Set the borders of the cell present inside the table and tells..
border-color	Set a color to the border of an element.
border-image	It creates a border using an image instead of a normal border.
border-image-outset	It is a shorthand property used to specify the distance.
border-image-repeat	It is used to scaling and tiling the border images.
border-image-slice	It divides or slices an image specified by the border-image-source property.
border-image-source	It specifies the image source which is to be set as the border of an element.
border-image-width	Set the width of the border image. It can be set by providing multiple values.
border-left	Set the width, style, and color of the left border.
border-left-color	Set the color of the left-border in an Element.
border-left-style	Set the style of the left border of an element.
border-left-width	Sets the width of the left-border of an Element.
border-radius	It is used to round the corners of the outer border edges of an element.
border-right-color	Set the color of the right border in an Element.
border-right	Set the width, style, and color of the right border.
border-right-style	Set the style of the right border of an element..
border-right-width	Set the width of right-border of an element.
border-top-color	Set the color of the top border in an Element.
border-top	Set the width, style, and color of the top border.
border-top-left-radius	It specifies the radius of the top left border corner of an element.
border-top-right-radius	It specifies the radius of the top right border corner of an element.
border-top-style	It specifies the style of the top border.
border-top-width	Set a specific width to the top border of an element.
border-style	Sets the border line style for all four sides of an element’s border.
border-spacing	Set the distance between the borders of neighboring cells in the table.
border-width	Set the border line width of all four sides of an element.
bottom	It allows the vertical position of an element to be altered.
box-shadow	Set a shadow-like effect to the frames of an element.
box-decoration-break	Control the box decoration after the fragmentation of the paragraph.
box-sizing	Defines how the user should calculate the total width and height of an element.
caption-side	It specifies the position where the table caption is placed. It is used in HTML Tables.
caret-color	Set the color of the cursor in inputs, text area, or other editable areas.
clear	Specify which side of floating elements are not allowed to float.
clip	Specify a rectangle to clip an absolutely positioned element.
column-count	Divide a portion of content inside any HTML element into a given number of columns.
column-fill	Specify whether the columns will be filled in a balanced manner or not.
column-gap	Specify the amount of gap between the columns.
columns	Set the number of columns and the width of the columns.
column-rule-color	Set the color of the rule between the column.
column-rule	Define the width, style, and color of the rules between the columns.
column-rule-style	Set the style of the column rule between the columns on a multi-column layout.
column-rule-width	Set the width of the column rule.
column-span	Sets the number of columns an element can span across.
column-width	It is used to define the width of the columns.
content	Generate the content dynamically (during run time).
cursor	Specify the mouse cursor to be displayed while pointing to an element.
counter-increment	It is used to increment/decrement the value of a counter.
counter-reset	Create or reset the CSS counter for elements.
direction	Define the direction of text/writing within any block element
display	Define the components(div, hyperlink, heading, etc) are going to be placed on the web page
empty-cells	It specifies whether to display the borders or not in the empty cells in a table.
filter	Set the visual effect of an element.
flex	It is the combination of flex-grow, flex-shrink, and flex-basis properties.
flex-basis	Set the initial size of the flexible item.
flex-direction	Set the direction of the flexible items of a div.
flex-flow	It is used to make the flexible item reversible and wrapped if required.
flex-grow	Specifies how much the item will grow compared to other items inside that container.
flex-shrink	Specifies how much the item will shrink compared to other items inside that container.
flex-wrap	It specifies whether flex items are forced into a single line or wrapped onto multiple lines.
font-family	Set the font of an element.
font-kerning	Control the usage of the Kerning Information that has been stored in the Font
font-size-adjust	Adjusts the font size based on the height of the lowercase.
font-size	Set the font size of the text in an HTML document.
font-stretch	Set the text wider or narrower.
font-style	Style the given particular text in a normal, italic, or oblique face from its font family.
font-variant	Convert all lowercase letters into uppercase letters.
font-weight	Set the weight or thickness of the font being used with the HTML Text.
grid	Offers a grid-based layout system, with rows and columns
grid-area	Set a grid item size and location in a grid layout.
grid-auto-columns	Specify the size for the columns of implicitly generated grid containers.
grid-auto-flow	It specifies exactly how auto-placed items get flowed into the grid.
grid-auto-rows	Specify the size for the rows of implicitly generated grid containers.
grid-column	Specify a grid item's size and location within a grid column.
grid-column-end	Explains the number of columns an item will span, or on which column line the item will end.
grid-column-gap	Set the gap size between the columns in a grid layout.
grid-column-start	Set on which column the line item will start.
grid-gap	Sets the gap size between the rows and columns in a grid layout.
grid-row	Specify the size and location in a grid layout.
grid-row-end	it defines the grid items' end position.
grid-row-gap	Set the gap size between the grid elements.
grid-row-start	Defines the grid items' start position.
grid-template	It defines grid columns, rows, and areas.
grid-template-areas	It specifies the area within the grid layout.
grid-template-columns	Set the number of columns and size of the columns of the grid.
grid-template-rows	Set the number of rows and height of the rows in a grid.
hanging-punctuation	Pprovides web designers some upper hand over typography on the webpage.
height	Set the height of an element.
hyphens	It defines how the words should be hyphenated to create soft wrap opportunities within words.
isolation	Define whether an element must create new stacking content.
justify-content	Alignes the flexible containers item when there is available space.
left	It specifies the horizontal position of a positioned element
letter-spacing	Set the spacing behavior between text characters .
line-height	Set the amount of space used for lines, such as in the text.
list-style	It is used to set the list style.
list-style-image	Set images that will be used as the list item marker.
list-style-position	Specifies the position of the marker box with respect to the principal block box.
list-style-type	It specifies the appearance(such as a disc, character, or custom counter style) of the list item marker.
margin-bottom	Specify the margin to be used on the bottom of an element.
margin-left	Set the width of the margin on the left of the desired element.
margin-right	Set the right margin of an element.
margin-top	Set the top margin of an element.
max-height	Set the maximum height of an element.
max-width	Define the maximum width of an element.
min-height	Set the minimum height of an element.
min-width	Define the minimum width of an element.
mix-blend-mode	Define the minimum width of an element.
mask-image	To set the mask of an image for a particular element.
object-fit	Specify the blending of an element’s background with the element’s parent.
object-position	Specifies how an image or video element is positioned with x/y coordinates inside its content box.
order	Set the order of each flexible item in relation to other items inside the flexible container.
outline-color	Sets the outline color of an element
outline-offset	Sets the amount of space between an outline and the edge or border of an element.
outline-style	Set the appearance of the outline of an element.
outline-width	It specifies the width of this outline for a specific element.
overflow-x	It specifies whether to add a scroll bar horizontally.
overflow-y.	It specifies whether to add a scroll bar vertically.
padding-bottom	Set the padding on the bottom of an element.
padding-left	Set the padding on the left side of an element.
padding-right	Set the padding on the right-side of an element.
padding-top	Set the padding on the top of an element.
page-break-after	Add a page-break after the stated element.
page-break-before	Add a page-break-before the specified element.
page-break-inside	Add page breaks inside the element to which it is applied while printing.
perspective	Give perspective to 3D objects.
perspective-origin	Define the position at which the user is looking 3D object i.e. the vanishing point of the 3D object.
pointer-events	Specify whether an element show pointer events and whether or not show on the pointer.
quotes	Set the quotation mark for quotations used in the sentence.
resize	Resize the element according to user requirements.
right	Affects the horizontal position of the element as but has no effect on non-positioned elements.
scroll-behavior	Set smooth animation of scroll position instead of a scroll jump
cssText	Set or return the value of an inline style declaration of an element.
length	Find the number of style declarations used for the particular element.
parentRule	Return the CSS Rule Object that represents a CSS rule-set that contains a selector and declaration block.
table-layout	It is used to display the layout of the table.
tab-size	It specifies the width of a tab character.
text-align	Set the horizontal alignment of text in an element.ie.
text-align-last	Set the last line of the paragraph just before the line break.
text-decoration	It is used to "decorate” the content of the text.
text-decoration-color	Set the color of decorations(overlines, underlines, and line-throughs) over the text.
text-decoration-line	Sets various kinds of text-decoration.
text-decoration-style	Set the text decoration of an element.
text-indent	Set the indentation of the first line in each block of text.
text-justify	Set the text-align to justify, which spreads the words into a complete and fixed-width line.
text-overflow	Specify that some text has overflown and is hidden from view.
text-transform	Control the capitalization of the text.
text-shadow	Add shadows to the text.
top	Set the top position of an element. The top property varies with the position of the element.
transform	Change the coordinate space of the visual formatting model.
CSS transition Property	It is used to make some transition effects.
transition-delay	Define the time to start the transition.
transition-duration	Set the time duration (in seconds or milliseconds) to complete the transition effect.
transition-property	Display the change in the property of an element over a specified duration.
unicode-bidi	Determine how the bidirectional text is handled in a document.
user-select	It specifies whether the text can be selected by the user or not.
vertical-align	Set the vertical alignment of the table box or inline element.
visibility	Specify whether an element is visible or not.
white-space	Control the text wrapping and white-spacing./td>
word-break	Specify how to break the word when the word reached at end of the line.
word-spacing	Increase or decreases the white space between words.
word-wrap	It breaks long words and wraps them into the next line.
will-change	Specify the browser how an element is expected to change.
writing-mode	Specify whether the lines of text are laid out horizontally or vertically.
z-index	Define the order of elements if they overlap with each other.

Best Practices for CSS Properties

Always use descriptive names for classes and IDs to maintain readability.
Group similar properties together to enhance code organization.
Use shorthand properties where possible to reduce redundancy.

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