01Week 1–5: Database Management Systems (DBMS)
- Introduction to DBMS, its characteristics and advantages
 - DBMS architecture, schemas, and data independence
 - Database languages, interfaces, user roles
 - ER Modeling and Enhanced ER Concepts (attributes, relationships, specialization, aggregation)
 - Relational Model: keys, constraints, functional dependencies, normalization
 - Lossless joins, dependency preservation, anomalies, denormalization
 - Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus
 - SQL basics: commands, clauses, joins, nested queries
 - Views, indexing, transactions, triggers, cursors
 - Transactions, ACID, states, scheduling, serializability
 - Locking mechanisms, concurrency control, deadlocks
 - File organization, indexing (B-Trees, Hashing)
 - Distributed Databases and NoSQL
 - Data Warehousing, Mining, Big Data, Hive, HBase, Multimedia, GIS
 
02Week 6–10: Operating Systems (OS)
- OS Introduction, types, and functionalities
 - Booting, kernel types, system calls
 - Process and thread management, scheduling techniques
 - Multithreading, synchronization, inter-process communication
 - Deadlocks: detection, prevention, recovery
 - Memory Management: allocation, fragmentation, paging, segmentation
 - Virtual memory, demand paging, page replacement, thrashing
 - Disk scheduling and file system management
 - File attributes, directories, access methods
 - I/O management, buffering, spooling, caching
 - OS security: threats, protection, authentication
 - Real-Time and Distributed OS concepts
 
03Week 11–14: Computer Networks (CN)
- Introduction to networking, types, topologies, and goals
 - OSI and TCP/IP models
 - Transmission media and communication techniques
 - Data Link Layer: framing, switching, flow & error control
 - MAC techniques and channel access protocols
 - Advanced link protocols (PPP, HDLC, etc.)
 - Network Layer: IP addressing, subnetting, VLSM, routing algorithms
 - Transport Layer: TCP, UDP, SCTP, DCCP, RUDP
 - Application Layer: DNS, HTTP, FTP, SMTP, IMAP
 - Security, VPN, firewalls, QoS, 4G vs 5G
 - Future technologies: Cloud, IoT, NFV, SDN
 
04Week 15–16: Object-Oriented Programming in C++ (OOP)
- Introduction to OOP concepts and benefits
 - C++ syntax, data types, control structures
 - Classes and Objects, constructors, destructors
 - Encapsulation, data hiding, inheritance
 - Polymorphism, abstraction, virtual functions
 - Dynamic memory management, smart pointers
 - Operator overloading, templates
 - Exception handling and file handling in OOP
 - Advanced C++: namespaces, const, RTTI, lambdas