Creating Redis service containers

Hinweis

Auf GitHub gehostete Runner werden aktuell nicht auf GitHub Enterprise Server unterstützt. Weitere Informationen zur geplanten zukünftigen Unterstützung findest Du in der GitHub public roadmap.

Introduction

This guide shows you workflow examples that configure a service container using the Docker Hub redis image. The workflow runs a script to create a Redis client and populate the client with data. To test that the workflow creates and populates the Redis client, the script prints the client's data to the console.

Hinweis

Wenn bei deinen Workflows Docker-Containeraktionen, Auftragscontainer oder Dienstcontainer verwendet werden, musst du einen Linux-Runner nutzen:

Wenn du GitHub-gehostete Runner verwendest, musst du einen Ubuntu-Runner verwenden.
Wenn du selbst gehostete Läufer verwendest, musst du einen Linux-Rechner als deinen Läufer verwenden und Docker muss installiert sein.

Prerequisites

Du solltest damit vertraut sein, wie Service-Container mit GitHub Actions arbeiten und die Netzwerkunterschiede kennen zwischen dem Laufen lassen von Aufträgen direkt auf dem Läufer oder in einem Container. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter Informationen zu Service-Containern.

You may also find it helpful to have a basic understanding of YAML, the syntax for GitHub Actions, and Redis. For more information, see:

Writing workflows
Getting Started with Redis in the Redis documentation

Running jobs in containers

Das Konfigurieren von Aufträgen für die Ausführung in einem Container vereinfacht die Netzwerkkonfigurationen zwischen dem Auftrag und den Dienstcontainern. Docker-Container im gleichen benutzerdefinierten Bridge-Netzwerk exponieren gegenseitig alle Ports, sodass Du keinen der Servicecontainer-Ports dem Docker-Host zuordnen musst. Mit der im Workflow konfigurierten Kennzeichnung kannst Du vom Auftrags-Container her auf den Dienst-Container zugreifen.

Du kannst diese Workflowdatei in das .github/workflows-Verzeichnis deines Repositorys kopieren und nach Bedarf ändern.

YAML

name: Redis container example
on: push

jobs:
  # Label of the container job
  container-job:
    # Containers must run in Linux based operating systems
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    # Docker Hub image that `container-job` executes in
    container: node:20-bookworm-slim

    # Service containers to run with `container-job`
    services:
      # Label used to access the service container
      redis:
        # Docker Hub image
        image: redis
        # Set health checks to wait until redis has started
        options: >-
          --health-cmd "redis-cli ping"
          --health-interval 10s
          --health-timeout 5s
          --health-retries 5

    steps:
      # Downloads a copy of the code in your repository before running CI tests
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      # Performs a clean installation of all dependencies in the `package.json` file
      # For more information, see http://docs.npmjs.com/cli/ci.html
      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm ci

      - name: Connect to Redis
        # Runs a script that creates a Redis client, populates
        # the client with data, and retrieves data
        run: node client.js
        # Environment variable used by the `client.js` script to create a new Redis client.
        env:
          # The hostname used to communicate with the Redis service container
          REDIS_HOST: redis
          # The default Redis port
          REDIS_PORT: 6379

name: Redis container example
on: push

jobs:
  # Label of the container job
  container-job:
    # Containers must run in Linux based operating systems
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    # Docker Hub image that `container-job` executes in
    container: node:20-bookworm-slim

    # Service containers to run with `container-job`
    services:
      # Label used to access the service container
      redis:
        # Docker Hub image
        image: redis
        # Set health checks to wait until redis has started
        options: >-
          --health-cmd "redis-cli ping"
          --health-interval 10s
          --health-timeout 5s
          --health-retries 5

    steps:
      # Downloads a copy of the code in your repository before running CI tests
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      # Performs a clean installation of all dependencies in the `package.json` file
      # For more information, see http://docs.npmjs.com/cli/ci.html
      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm ci

      - name: Connect to Redis
        # Runs a script that creates a Redis client, populates
        # the client with data, and retrieves data
        run: node client.js
        # Environment variable used by the `client.js` script to create a new Redis client.
        env:
          # The hostname used to communicate with the Redis service container
          REDIS_HOST: redis
          # The default Redis port
          REDIS_PORT: 6379

Configuring the container job

Dieser Workflow konfiguriert einen Auftrag, der im Container node:20-bookworm-slim ausgeführt wird, und nutzt den Runner ubuntu-latest als Docker-Host für den Container. Weitere Informationen zum Container node:20-bookworm-slim findest Du im Knotenimage auf Docker Hub.

Der Workflow konfiguriert einen Dienstcontainer mit der Bezeichnung redis. Alle Dienste müssen in einem Container ausgeführt werden, daher erfordert jeder Dienst die Angabe des Containers image. Dieses Beispiel verwendet das redis-Containerimage und enthält Optionen für Integritätsüberprüfungen, um die Ausführung des Diensts sicherzustellen. Füge dem Imagenamen ein Tag an, um eine Version anzugeben, z. B. redis:6. Weitere Informationen findest du im Redis-Image für Docker Hub.

YAML

jobs:
  # Label of the container job
  container-job:
    # Containers must run in Linux based operating systems
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    # Docker Hub image that `container-job` executes in
    container: node:20-bookworm-slim

    # Service containers to run with `container-job`
    services:
      # Label used to access the service container
      redis:
        # Docker Hub image
        image: redis
        # Set health checks to wait until redis has started
        options: >-
          --health-cmd "redis-cli ping"
          --health-interval 10s
          --health-timeout 5s
          --health-retries 5

jobs:
  # Label of the container job
  container-job:
    # Containers must run in Linux based operating systems
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    # Docker Hub image that `container-job` executes in
    container: node:20-bookworm-slim

    # Service containers to run with `container-job`
    services:
      # Label used to access the service container
      redis:
        # Docker Hub image
        image: redis
        # Set health checks to wait until redis has started
        options: >-
          --health-cmd "redis-cli ping"
          --health-interval 10s
          --health-timeout 5s
          --health-retries 5

Configuring the steps for the container job

Der Workflow führt die folgenden Schritte aus:

Auschecken des Repository auf dem Läufer
Installieren von Abhängigkeiten
Ausführen eines Script, um einen Client zu erstellen

YAML

steps:
  # Downloads a copy of the code in your repository before running CI tests
  - name: Check out repository code
    uses: actions/checkout@v4

  # Performs a clean installation of all dependencies in the `package.json` file
  # For more information, see http://docs.npmjs.com/cli/ci.html
  - name: Install dependencies
    run: npm ci

  - name: Connect to Redis
    # Runs a script that creates a Redis client, populates
    # the client with data, and retrieves data
    run: node client.js
    # Environment variable used by the `client.js` script to create a new Redis client.
    env:
      # The hostname used to communicate with the Redis service container
      REDIS_HOST: redis
      # The default Redis port
      REDIS_PORT: 6379

steps:
  # Downloads a copy of the code in your repository before running CI tests
  - name: Check out repository code
    uses: actions/checkout@v4

  # Performs a clean installation of all dependencies in the `package.json` file
  # For more information, see http://docs.npmjs.com/cli/ci.html
  - name: Install dependencies
    run: npm ci

  - name: Connect to Redis
    # Runs a script that creates a Redis client, populates
    # the client with data, and retrieves data
    run: node client.js
    # Environment variable used by the `client.js` script to create a new Redis client.
    env:
      # The hostname used to communicate with the Redis service container
      REDIS_HOST: redis
      # The default Redis port
      REDIS_PORT: 6379

Das client.js-Skript sucht nach den Umgebungsvariablen REDIS_HOST und REDIS_PORT, um den Client zu erstellen. Der Workflow legt diese beiden Umgebungsvariablen im Rahmen des Schritts „Mit Redis verbinden“ fest, um sie dem client.js-Skript zur Verfügung zu stellen. Weitere Informationen zum Skript findest du unter Testen des Redis-Dienstcontainers.

The hostname of the Redis service is the label you configured in your workflow, in this case, redis. Because Docker containers on the same user-defined bridge network open all ports by default, you'll be able to access the service container on the default Redis port 6379.

Running jobs directly on the runner machine

When you run a job directly on the runner machine, you'll need to map the ports on the service container to ports on the Docker host. You can access service containers from the Docker host using localhost and the Docker host port number.

Du kannst diese Workflowdatei in das .github/workflows-Verzeichnis deines Repositorys kopieren und nach Bedarf ändern.

YAML

name: Redis runner example
on: push

jobs:
  # Label of the runner job
  runner-job:
    # You must use a Linux environment when using service containers or container jobs
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    # Service containers to run with `runner-job`
    services:
      # Label used to access the service container
      redis:
        # Docker Hub image
        image: redis
        # Set health checks to wait until redis has started
        options: >-
          --health-cmd "redis-cli ping"
          --health-interval 10s
          --health-timeout 5s
          --health-retries 5
        ports:
          # Maps port 6379 on service container to the host
          - 6379:6379

    steps:
      # Downloads a copy of the code in your repository before running CI tests
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      # Performs a clean installation of all dependencies in the `package.json` file
      # For more information, see http://docs.npmjs.com/cli/ci.html
      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm ci

      - name: Connect to Redis
        # Runs a script that creates a Redis client, populates
        # the client with data, and retrieves data
        run: node client.js
        # Environment variable used by the `client.js` script to create
        # a new Redis client.
        env:
          # The hostname used to communicate with the Redis service container
          REDIS_HOST: localhost
          # The default Redis port
          REDIS_PORT: 6379

name: Redis runner example
on: push

jobs:
  # Label of the runner job
  runner-job:
    # You must use a Linux environment when using service containers or container jobs
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    # Service containers to run with `runner-job`
    services:
      # Label used to access the service container
      redis:
        # Docker Hub image
        image: redis
        # Set health checks to wait until redis has started
        options: >-
          --health-cmd "redis-cli ping"
          --health-interval 10s
          --health-timeout 5s
          --health-retries 5
        ports:
          # Maps port 6379 on service container to the host
          - 6379:6379

    steps:
      # Downloads a copy of the code in your repository before running CI tests
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      # Performs a clean installation of all dependencies in the `package.json` file
      # For more information, see http://docs.npmjs.com/cli/ci.html
      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm ci

      - name: Connect to Redis
        # Runs a script that creates a Redis client, populates
        # the client with data, and retrieves data
        run: node client.js
        # Environment variable used by the `client.js` script to create
        # a new Redis client.
        env:
          # The hostname used to communicate with the Redis service container
          REDIS_HOST: localhost
          # The default Redis port
          REDIS_PORT: 6379

Configuring the runner job

Im Beispiel wird der Runner ubuntu-latest als Docker-Host verwendet.

The workflow maps port 6379 on the Redis service container to the Docker host. For more information about the ports keyword, see Informationen zu Service-Containern.

YAML

jobs:
  # Label of the runner job
  runner-job:
    # You must use a Linux environment when using service containers or container jobs
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    # Service containers to run with `runner-job`
    services:
      # Label used to access the service container
      redis:
        # Docker Hub image
        image: redis
        # Set health checks to wait until redis has started
        options: >-
          --health-cmd "redis-cli ping"
          --health-interval 10s
          --health-timeout 5s
          --health-retries 5
        ports:
          # Maps port 6379 on service container to the host
          - 6379:6379

jobs:
  # Label of the runner job
  runner-job:
    # You must use a Linux environment when using service containers or container jobs
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    # Service containers to run with `runner-job`
    services:
      # Label used to access the service container
      redis:
        # Docker Hub image
        image: redis
        # Set health checks to wait until redis has started
        options: >-
          --health-cmd "redis-cli ping"
          --health-interval 10s
          --health-timeout 5s
          --health-retries 5
        ports:
          # Maps port 6379 on service container to the host
          - 6379:6379

Configuring the steps for the runner job

Der Workflow führt die folgenden Schritte aus:

Auschecken des Repository auf dem Läufer
Installieren von Abhängigkeiten
Ausführen eines Script, um einen Client zu erstellen

YAML

steps:
  # Downloads a copy of the code in your repository before running CI tests
  - name: Check out repository code
    uses: actions/checkout@v4

  # Performs a clean installation of all dependencies in the `package.json` file
  # For more information, see http://docs.npmjs.com/cli/ci.html
  - name: Install dependencies
    run: npm ci

  - name: Connect to Redis
    # Runs a script that creates a Redis client, populates
    # the client with data, and retrieves data
    run: node client.js
    # Environment variable used by the `client.js` script to create
    # a new Redis client.
    env:
      # The hostname used to communicate with the Redis service container
      REDIS_HOST: localhost
      # The default Redis port
      REDIS_PORT: 6379

steps:
  # Downloads a copy of the code in your repository before running CI tests
  - name: Check out repository code
    uses: actions/checkout@v4

  # Performs a clean installation of all dependencies in the `package.json` file
  # For more information, see http://docs.npmjs.com/cli/ci.html
  - name: Install dependencies
    run: npm ci

  - name: Connect to Redis
    # Runs a script that creates a Redis client, populates
    # the client with data, and retrieves data
    run: node client.js
    # Environment variable used by the `client.js` script to create
    # a new Redis client.
    env:
      # The hostname used to communicate with the Redis service container
      REDIS_HOST: localhost
      # The default Redis port
      REDIS_PORT: 6379

Der Hostname ist localhost oder 127.0.0.1.

Testing the Redis service container

You can test your workflow using the following script, which creates a Redis client and populates the client with some placeholder data. The script then prints the values stored in the Redis client to the terminal. Your script can use any language you'd like, but this example uses Node.js and the redis npm module. For more information, see the npm redis module.

You can modify client.js to include any Redis operations needed by your workflow. In this example, the script creates the Redis client instance, adds placeholder data, then retrieves the data.

Füge deinem Repository eine neue Datei namens client.js mit dem folgenden Code hinzu.

JavaScript

const redis = require("redis");

// Creates a new Redis client
// If REDIS_HOST is not set, the default host is localhost
// If REDIS_PORT is not set, the default port is 6379
const redisClient = redis.createClient({
  url: `redis://${process.env.REDIS_HOST}:${process.env.REDIS_PORT}`
});

redisClient.on("error", (err) => console.log("Error", err));

(async () => {
  await redisClient.connect();

  // Sets the key "octocat" to a value of "Mona the octocat"
  const setKeyReply = await redisClient.set("octocat", "Mona the Octocat");
  console.log("Reply: " + setKeyReply);
  // Sets a key to "species", field to "octocat", and "value" to "Cat and Octopus"
  const SetFieldOctocatReply = await redisClient.hSet("species", "octocat", "Cat and Octopus");
  console.log("Reply: " + SetFieldOctocatReply);
  // Sets a key to "species", field to "dinotocat", and "value" to "Dinosaur and Octopus"
  const SetFieldDinotocatReply = await redisClient.hSet("species", "dinotocat", "Dinosaur and Octopus");
  console.log("Reply: " + SetFieldDinotocatReply);
  // Sets a key to "species", field to "robotocat", and "value" to "Cat and Robot"
  const SetFieldRobotocatReply = await redisClient.hSet("species", "robotocat", "Cat and Robot");
  console.log("Reply: " + SetFieldRobotocatReply);

  try {
    // Gets all fields in "species" key
    const replies = await redisClient.hKeys("species");
    console.log(replies.length + " replies:");
    replies.forEach((reply, i) => {
        console.log("    " + i + ": " + reply);
    });
    await redisClient.quit();
  }
  catch (err) {
    // statements to handle any exceptions
  }
})();

const redis = require("redis");

// Creates a new Redis client
// If REDIS_HOST is not set, the default host is localhost
// If REDIS_PORT is not set, the default port is 6379
const redisClient = redis.createClient({
  url: `redis://${process.env.REDIS_HOST}:${process.env.REDIS_PORT}`
});

redisClient.on("error", (err) => console.log("Error", err));

(async () => {
  await redisClient.connect();

  // Sets the key "octocat" to a value of "Mona the octocat"
  const setKeyReply = await redisClient.set("octocat", "Mona the Octocat");
  console.log("Reply: " + setKeyReply);
  // Sets a key to "species", field to "octocat", and "value" to "Cat and Octopus"
  const SetFieldOctocatReply = await redisClient.hSet("species", "octocat", "Cat and Octopus");
  console.log("Reply: " + SetFieldOctocatReply);
  // Sets a key to "species", field to "dinotocat", and "value" to "Dinosaur and Octopus"
  const SetFieldDinotocatReply = await redisClient.hSet("species", "dinotocat", "Dinosaur and Octopus");
  console.log("Reply: " + SetFieldDinotocatReply);
  // Sets a key to "species", field to "robotocat", and "value" to "Cat and Robot"
  const SetFieldRobotocatReply = await redisClient.hSet("species", "robotocat", "Cat and Robot");
  console.log("Reply: " + SetFieldRobotocatReply);

  try {
    // Gets all fields in "species" key
    const replies = await redisClient.hKeys("species");
    console.log(replies.length + " replies:");
    replies.forEach((reply, i) => {
        console.log("    " + i + ": " + reply);
    });
    await redisClient.quit();
  }
  catch (err) {
    // statements to handle any exceptions
  }
})();

The script creates a new Redis client using the createClient method, which accepts a host and port parameter. The script uses the REDIS_HOST and REDIS_PORT environment variables to set the client's IP address and port. If host and port are not defined, the default host is localhost and the default port is 6379.

The script uses the set and hset methods to populate the database with some keys, fields, and values. To confirm that the Redis client contains the data, the script prints the contents of the database to the console log.

When you run this workflow, you should see the following output in the "Connect to Redis" step confirming you created the Redis client and added data:

Reply: OK
Reply: 1
Reply: 1
Reply: 1
3 replies:
    0: octocat
    1: dinotocat
    2: robotocat

In diesem Artikel