Annotation of html5/spec-author-view/the-menu-element.html, revision 1.133
1.108 mike 1: <!doctype html>
1.127 mike 2: <html lang="en-US-x-Hixie"><meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"><title>4.11.4 The menu element — HTML5: Edition for Web Authors</title><link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet"><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><script src="link-fixup.js" type="text/javascript"></script><style type="text/css">
1.1 mike 3:
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1.109 mike 143: </script><script src="dfn.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="toc.js" type="text/javascript"></script><link href="the-command-element.html" rel="prev" title="4.11.3 The command element">
144: <link href="Overview.html#contents" rel="contents" title="Table of contents">
1.100 mike 145: <link href="commands.html" rel="next" title="4.11.5 Commands">
1.109 mike 146: <body class="split chapter"><div class="head" id="head">
1.10 mike 147: <div aria-haspopup="true" id="jumpIndexA-button" role="button" tabindex="0">jump
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1.12 mike 149: <script src="jump-indexes.js"></script><p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a></p>
1.1 mike 150:
1.100 mike 151: <h1>HTML5: Edition for Web Authors</h1>
152:
153: </div><div class="prev_next">
154: <a href="the-command-element.html">← 4.11.3 The command element</a> –
1.1 mike 155: <a href="Overview.html#contents">Table of contents</a> –
1.100 mike 156: <a href="commands.html">4.11.5 Commands →</a>
1.106 mike 157: <ol class="toc"><li><ol><li><ol><li><a href="the-menu-element.html#the-menu-element" id="4.11.4-the-menu-element"><span class="secno">4.11.4 </span>The <code>menu</code> element</a>
158: <ol><li><a href="the-menu-element.html#menus-intro"><span class="secno">4.11.4.1 </span>Introduction</a><li><a href="the-menu-element.html#context-menus" id="4.11.4.2-context-menus"><span class="secno">4.11.4.2 </span>Context menus</a></ol></ol></ol></ol></div>
1.1 mike 159:
1.100 mike 160: <h4 id="the-menu-element"><span class="secno">4.11.4 </span>The <dfn aria-haspopup="true" role="button" tabindex="0"><code>menu</code></dfn> element</h4><dl class="element"><dt>Categories</dt>
1.128 mike 161: <dd><a href="content-models.html#flow-content" id="flow-content_142">Flow content</a>.</dd>
162: <dd>If the element's <code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="#attr-menu-type" id="type_100">type</a></code> attribute is in the <a href="#toolbar-state" id="toolbar-state_3" title="toolbar state">toolbar</a> state: <a href="content-models.html#interactive-content" id="interactive-content_19">Interactive content</a>.</dd>
163: <dd>If the element's <code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="#attr-menu-type" id="type_101">type</a></code> attribute is in the <a href="#toolbar-state" id="toolbar-state_4" title="toolbar state">toolbar</a> state or the <a href="#list-state" id="list-state_5" title="list state">list</a> state: <a href="content-models.html#palpable-content" id="palpable-content_62">Palpable content</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 164: <dt>Contexts in which this element can be used:</dt>
1.128 mike 165: <dd>Where <a href="content-models.html#flow-content" id="flow-content_143">flow content</a> is expected.</dd>
1.1 mike 166: <dt>Content model:</dt>
1.128 mike 167: <dd>Either: Zero or more <code><a href="the-li-element.html#the-li-element" id="li_18">li</a></code> elements.</dd>
168: <dd>Or: <a href="content-models.html#flow-content" id="flow-content_144">Flow content</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 169: <dt>Content attributes:</dt>
1.7 mike 170: <dd><a href="global-attributes.html#global-attributes" id="global-attributes_102">Global attributes</a></dd>
1.128 mike 171: <dd><code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="#attr-menu-type" id="type_102">type</a></code></dd>
172: <dd><code title="attr-menu-label"><a href="#attr-menu-label" id="label_40">label</a></code></dd>
1.1 mike 173: <dt>DOM interface:</dt>
174: <dd>
1.118 mike 175: <pre class="idl">interface <dfn aria-haspopup="true" id="htmlmenuelement" role="button" tabindex="0">HTMLMenuElement</dfn> : <a href="elements.html#htmlelement" id="htmlelement_111">HTMLElement</a> {
1.88 mike 176: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-menu-type" id="dom-menu-type_0" title="dom-menu-type">type</a>;
177: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-menu-label" id="dom-menu-label_0" title="dom-menu-label">label</a>;
1.1 mike 178: };</pre>
1.128 mike 179: </dl><p>The <code><a href="#the-menu-element" id="menu_15">menu</a></code> element represents a list of commands.<p>The <dfn aria-haspopup="true" id="attr-menu-type" role="button" tabindex="0"><code>type</code></dfn> attribute
1.109 mike 180: is an <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#enumerated-attribute" id="enumerated-attribute_16">enumerated attribute</a> indicating the kind of menu
1.1 mike 181: being declared. The attribute has three states. The <code title="attr-menu-type-context">context</code> keyword maps to the
182: <dfn aria-haspopup="true" id="context-menu-state" role="button" tabindex="0">context menu</dfn> state, in which
183: the element is declaring a context menu. The <code title="attr-menu-type-toolbar">toolbar</code> keyword maps to the
184: <dfn aria-haspopup="true" id="toolbar-state" role="button" tabindex="0">toolbar</dfn> state, in which the
185: element is declaring a toolbar. The attribute may also be
186: omitted. The <i>missing value default</i> is the <dfn aria-haspopup="true" id="list-state" role="button" tabindex="0">list</dfn> state, which indicates that the element is merely
187: a list of commands that is neither declaring a context menu nor
1.128 mike 188: defining a toolbar.<p>If a <code><a href="#the-menu-element" id="menu_16">menu</a></code> element's <code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="#attr-menu-type" id="type_103">type</a></code> attribute is in the <a href="#context-menu-state" id="context-menu-state_1" title="context menu state">context menu</a> state, then the
1.124 mike 189: element <a class="full-spec-link" href="http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/rendering.html#represents" title='Read about this "represents" reference in the full HTML5 spec.'>represents</a> the commands of a context menu, and
1.1 mike 190: the user can only interact with the commands if that context menu is
1.128 mike 191: activated.<p>If a <code><a href="#the-menu-element" id="menu_17">menu</a></code> element's <code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="#attr-menu-type" id="type_104">type</a></code> attribute is in the <a href="#toolbar-state" id="toolbar-state_5" title="toolbar state">toolbar</a> state, then the element
1.124 mike 192: <a class="full-spec-link" href="http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/rendering.html#represents" title='Read about this "represents" reference in the full HTML5 spec.'>represents</a> a list of active commands that the user can
1.128 mike 193: immediately interact with.<p>If a <code><a href="#the-menu-element" id="menu_18">menu</a></code> element's <code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="#attr-menu-type" id="type_105">type</a></code> attribute is in the <a href="#list-state" id="list-state_6" title="list state">list</a> state, then the element either
1.124 mike 194: <a class="full-spec-link" href="http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/rendering.html#represents" title='Read about this "represents" reference in the full HTML5 spec.'>represents</a> an unordered list of items (each represented
1.128 mike 195: by an <code><a href="the-li-element.html#the-li-element" id="li_19">li</a></code> element), each of which represents a command
1.1 mike 196: that the user can perform or activate, or, if the element has no
1.128 mike 197: <code><a href="the-li-element.html#the-li-element" id="li_20">li</a></code> element children, <a href="content-models.html#flow-content" id="flow-content_145">flow content</a>
1.1 mike 198: describing available commands.<p>The <dfn aria-haspopup="true" id="attr-menu-label" role="button" tabindex="0"><code>label</code></dfn>
199: attribute gives the label of the menu. It is used by user agents to
200: display nested menus in the UI. For example, a context menu
1.128 mike 201: containing another menu would use the nested menu's <code title="attr-menu-label"><a href="#attr-menu-label" id="label_41">label</a></code> attribute for the submenu's
1.106 mike 202: menu label.</p>
203: <p>The <dfn aria-haspopup="true" id="dom-menu-type" role="button" tabindex="0"><code>type</code></dfn> and <dfn aria-haspopup="true" id="dom-menu-label" role="button" tabindex="0"><code>label</code></dfn> IDL attributes must
1.133 ! mike 204: <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#reflect" id="reflect_95">reflect</a> the respective content attributes of the same
1.106 mike 205: name.</p>
1.128 mike 206: <h5 id="menus-intro"><span class="secno">4.11.4.1 </span>Introduction</h5><p>The <code><a href="#the-menu-element" id="menu_19">menu</a></code> element is used to define context menus and
1.1 mike 207: toolbars.<p>For example, the following represents a toolbar with three menu
208: buttons on it, each of which has a dropdown menu with a series of
209: options:<pre><menu type="toolbar">
210: <li>
211: <menu label="File">
212: <button type="button" onclick="fnew()">New...</button>
213: <button type="button" onclick="fopen()">Open...</button>
214: <button type="button" onclick="fsave()">Save</button>
215: <button type="button" onclick="fsaveas()">Save as...</button>
216: </menu>
217: </li>
218: <li>
219: <menu label="Edit">
220: <button type="button" onclick="ecopy()">Copy</button>
221: <button type="button" onclick="ecut()">Cut</button>
222: <button type="button" onclick="epaste()">Paste</button>
223: </menu>
224: </li>
225: <li>
226: <menu label="Help">
227: <li><a href="help.html">Help</a></li>
228: <li><a href="about.html">About</a></li>
229: </menu>
230: </li>
1.109 mike 231: </menu></pre><p>In a supporting user agent, this might look like this:<p><img alt="A toolbar with three buttons, labeled 'File', 'Edit', and 'Help'; where if you select the 'Edit' button you get a drop-down menu with three more options, 'Copy', 'Cut', and 'Paste'." height="101" src="http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/images/sample-toolbar-1.png" width="303"><p>In a legacy user agent, the above would look like a bulleted list
1.1 mike 232: with three items, the first of which has four buttons, the second of
233: which has three, and the third of which has two nested bullet points
234: with two items consisting of links.<hr><p>The following implements a similar toolbar, with a single button
235: whose values, when selected, redirect the user to Web sites.<pre><form action="redirect.cgi">
236: <menu type="toolbar">
237: <label for="goto">Go to...</label>
238: <menu label="Go">
239: <select id="goto">
240: <option value="" selected="selected"> Select site: </option>
241: <option value="http://www.apple.com/"> Apple </option>
242: <option value="http://www.mozilla.org/"> Mozilla </option>
243: <option value="http://www.opera.com/"> Opera </option>
244: </select>
245: <span><input type="submit" value="Go"></span>
246: </menu>
247: </menu>
248: </form></pre><p>The behavior in supporting user agents is similar to the example
249: above, but here the legacy behavior consists of a single
1.133 ! mike 250: <code><a href="the-select-element.html#the-select-element" id="select_45">select</a></code> element with a submit button. The submit button
1.114 mike 251: doesn't appear in the toolbar, because it is not a child of the
1.128 mike 252: <code><a href="#the-menu-element" id="menu_20">menu</a></code> element or of its <code><a href="the-li-element.html#the-li-element" id="li_21">li</a></code> children.<h5 id="context-menus"><span class="secno">4.11.4.2 </span><dfn aria-haspopup="true" role="button" tabindex="0">Context menus</dfn></h5><p>The <dfn aria-haspopup="true" id="attr-contextmenu" role="button" tabindex="0"><code>contextmenu</code></dfn>
1.1 mike 253: attribute gives the element's <a href="#context-menus" id="context-menus_0" title="context menus">context
1.128 mike 254: menu</a>. The value must be the <a class="full-spec-link" href="http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/infrastructure.html#concept-id" title='Read about this "ID" reference in the full HTML5 spec.'>ID</a> of a <code><a href="#the-menu-element" id="menu_21">menu</a></code> element in the
1.117 mike 255: DOM. </p>
1.106 mike 256: <p>The <dfn aria-haspopup="true" id="dom-contextmenu" role="button" tabindex="0"><code>contextMenu</code></dfn>
1.133 ! mike 257: IDL attribute must <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#reflect" id="reflect_96">reflect</a> the <code title="attr-contextmenu"><a href="#attr-contextmenu" id="contextmenu_0">contextmenu</a></code> content attribute.</p>
1.106 mike 258: <div class="example">
1.1 mike 259:
260: <p>Here is an example of a context menu for an input control:</p>
261:
262: <pre><form name="npc">
263: <label>Character name: <input name=char type=text contextmenu=namemenu required></label>
264: <menu type=context id=namemenu>
265: <command label="Pick random name" onclick="document.forms.npc.elements.char.value = getRandomName()">
266: <command label="Prefill other fields based on name" onclick="prefillFields(document.forms.npc.elements.char.value)">
267: </menu>
268: </form></pre>
269:
270: <p>This adds two items to the control's context menu, one called
271: "Pick random name", and one called "Prefill other fields based on
272: name". They invoke scripts that are not shown in the example
273: above.</p>
274:
275: </div>
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