Building and testing Java with Ant

Introduction

This guide shows you how to create a workflow that performs continuous integration (CI) for your Java project using the Ant build system. The workflow you create will allow you to see when commits to a pull request cause build or test failures against your default branch; this approach can help ensure that your code is always healthy. You can extend your CI workflow to upload artifacts from a workflow run.

GitHub-hosted runners have a tools cache with pre-installed software, which includes Java Development Kits (JDKs) and Ant. For a list of software and the pre-installed versions for JDK and Ant, see Using GitHub-hosted runners.

Prerequisites

You should be familiar with YAML and the syntax for GitHub Actions. For more information, see:

• Workflowsyntax für GitHub Actions
• Writing workflows

We recommend that you have a basic understanding of Java and the Ant framework. For more information, see the Apache Ant Manual.

Verwendung von selbstgehosteten Runnern auf GitHub Enterprise Server

Wenn du Setup-Aktionen (wie z.B.actions/setup-LANGUAGE) auf GitHub Enterprise Server mit selbstgehosteten Runnern verwendest, musst du möglicherweise den Tools-Cache auf Runnern einrichten, die keinen Internetzugang haben. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter Einrichten des Toolcaches auf selbstgehosteten Runnern ohne Internetzugriff.

Using an Ant workflow template

Fügen Sie für einen schnellen Einstieg dem Verzeichnis .github/workflows Ihres Repositorys eine Workflowvorlage hinzu.

GitHub provides a workflow template for Ant that should work for most Java with Ant projects. The subsequent sections of this guide give examples of how you can customize this workflow template.

1. Navigieren Sie auf GitHub zur Hauptseite des Repositorys.

2. Klicke unter dem Namen deines Repositorys auf Aktionen.

   

3. Wenn du bereits über einen Workflow im Repository verfügst, klicke auf Neuer Workflow.

4. The "Choose a workflow" page shows a selection of recommended workflow templates. Search for "Java with Ant".

5. On the "Java with Ant" workflow, click Configure.

   If you don't find the "Java with Ant" workflow template, copy the following workflow code to a new file called ant.yml in the .github/workflows directory of your repository.

   YAML

   name: Java CI
   
   on:
     push:
       branches: [ $default-branch ]
     pull_request:
       branches: [ $default-branch ]
   
   jobs:
     build:
       runs-on: ubuntu-latest
   
       steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Set up JDK 11
         uses: actions/setup-java@v4
         with:
           java-version: '11'
           distribution: 'temurin'
       - name: Build with Ant
         run: ant -noinput -buildfile build.xml
   

6. Edit the workflow as required. For example, change the Java version.

7. Click Commit changes.

Spezifizieren der Java-Version und -Architektur

Die Workflowvorlage richtet PATH so ein, dass OpenJDK 8 für die x64-Plattform enthalten ist. Wenn du eine andere Java-Version verwenden willst oder auf eine andere Architektur (x64 oder x86) abzielen möchtest, kannst du die setup-java-Aktion verwenden, um eine andere Java-Laufzeitumgebung auszuwählen.

Um etwa Version 11 des JDK zu verwenden, das von Adoptium für die x64-Plattform bereitgestellt wird, kannst du die Aktion setup-java verwenden und die Parameter java-version, distribution und architecture für '11', 'temurin' und x64 konfigurieren.

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - name: Set up JDK 11 for x64
    uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '11'
      distribution: 'temurin'
      architecture: x64

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - name: Set up JDK 11 for x64
    uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '11'
      distribution: 'temurin'
      architecture: x64

Weitere Informationen findest du unter der Aktion setup-java.

Building and testing your code

You can use the same commands that you use locally to build and test your code.

The workflow template will run the default target specified in your build.xml file. Your default target will commonly be set to build classes, run tests and package classes into their distributable format, for example, a JAR file.

If you use different commands to build your project, or you want to run a different target, you can specify those. For example, you may want to run the jar target that's configured in your build-ci.xml file.

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'
  - name: Run the Ant jar target
    run: ant -noinput -buildfile build-ci.xml jar

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'
  - name: Run the Ant jar target
    run: ant -noinput -buildfile build-ci.xml jar

Packaging workflow data as artifacts

After your build has succeeded and your tests have passed, you may want to upload the resulting Java packages as a build artifact. This will store the built packages as part of the workflow run, and allow you to download them. Artifacts can help you test and debug pull requests in your local environment before they're merged. For more information, see Storing and sharing data from a workflow.

Ant will usually create output files like JARs, EARs, or WARs in the build/jar directory. You can upload the contents of that directory using the upload-artifact action.

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'

  - run: ant -noinput -buildfile build.xml
  - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
    with:
      name: Package
      path: build/jar

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'

  - run: ant -noinput -buildfile build.xml
  - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
    with:
      name: Package
      path: build/jar